Updated
Updated · SciTechDaily · Aug 1
Four LHC Experiments Detect Big Bang-Era Matter in 2 Light-Ion Collision Systems
Updated
Updated · SciTechDaily · Aug 1

Four LHC Experiments Detect Big Bang-Era Matter in 2 Light-Ion Collision Systems

3 articles · Updated · SciTechDaily · Aug 1

Summary

  • One year after the LHC’s first oxygen runs, ALICE, ATLAS, CMS and LHCb all reported signals that quark-gluon plasma formed in both oxygen-oxygen and neon-neon collisions.
  • ATLAS saw stronger jet imbalances in more head-on collisions, while CMS, LHCb and ALICE found suppressed particle production consistent with quarks and gluons losing energy in a hot, dense medium.
  • CMS and LHCb also reported suppression patterns in upsilon and charm-containing particles, and ALICE found anisotropic flow in oxygen-oxygen data—independent signatures expected if quark-gluon plasma is present.
  • The results challenge the old view that only very heavy ions such as lead could create the plasma, extending earlier hints from proton and oxygen collision studies.
  • More light-ion data are still being analyzed, and the High-Luminosity LHC upgrade is expected to sharpen measurements of this early-Universe state of matter.

Insights

If oxygen and neon can make quark–gluon plasma, how much smaller can a collision get before the early-Universe medium disappears?
Why are oxygen and neon becoming serious alternatives to lead in the search for matter from the Universe’s first microseconds?