Updated
Updated · Space.com · Aug 22
Joe Walker Set 67-Mile X-15 Altitude Record, Becoming First Person to Reach Space Twice
Updated
Updated · Space.com · Aug 22

Joe Walker Set 67-Mile X-15 Altitude Record, Becoming First Person to Reach Space Twice

2 articles · Updated · Space.com · Aug 22

Summary

  • 67 miles above Earth, Joe Walker took the X-15 #3 to a new piloted altitude record on Aug. 22, 1963, spending about five minutes weightless during an 11-minute flight.
  • That mission was the X-15 program's second and final suborbital spaceflight, and Walker had flown the first one too, making him the first person to go to space twice.
  • X-15 #3 also became the first reused spacecraft to return to space after carrying Walker past the Kármán line a month earlier.
  • The flights gave engineers data on hypersonic flight, reentry heating, stability, structural loads, reaction controls and human performance that fed into Mercury, Gemini, Apollo and later the Space Shuttle.
  • Walker’s record flight also foreshadowed modern reusability, now exemplified by SpaceX’s Falcon 9, whose previously flown boosters have launched nearly 600 times.

Insights

How did a 1963 rocket plane survive 3,000-degree reentry temperatures decades before modern space shuttle heat shields were even invented?
What terrifying challenges did a 1960s pilot face while manually gliding a powerless rocket back to Earth from the edge of space?
If spacecraft reusability was proven in 1963, why did it take over half a century to become the standard for modern spaceflight?